PEAQ, as a DePIN-dedicated L1, builds the trillion-dollar machine economy foundation through deep collaborations with giants such as Bosch and Audi.
$PEAQ : Review 📜
What if every machine, robot, vehicle, and IoT device on earth had its own digital identity, could verify its own data, and could pay for its own services, all on one blockchain that Bosch, Audi, and Airbus helped design?
Meet peaq - a Layer-1 blockchain purpose-built for the Machine Economy.
60+ DePINs across 22 industries. 3 million+ connected devices. Co-developed decentralized mobility standards with Bosch, Audi/Volkswagen Group, Continental, Airbus, and the German Aerospace Center. $0.00025 transaction fees.
The digital rails for the $100 trillion economy where machines become independent economic agents.
Let's explore how peaq is building the backbone of the Machine Economy. 👇
⚪ peaq at a Glance
peaq is the leading Layer-1 blockchain for Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks (DePIN) and Machine RWAs, providing the digital rails for machines, robots, and vehicles to transact and provide value autonomously. As of February 2026, the peaq ecosystem hosts over 60 DePINs across 22 industries, securing millions of devices and machines on-chain.
The $PEAQ token powers all network operations: gas fees, staking, governance, Machine ID registration, and DePIN incentives. Total supply is 4.2 billion PEAQ.
As of May 2026, $PEAQ trades around $0.03 with a market cap of approximately $100M. The network processes 10,000 TPS at $0.00025 per transaction with sub-second finality. ATH was $0.112 shortly after mainnet launch in November 2024.
Marketplace Insight: peaq was founded by Till Wendler, Leonard Dorlöchter, and Max Thake. The team co-developed decentralized identity and data-sharing standards with Bosch, Denso, Continental, Airbus, and the German Aerospace Center through Gaia-X moveID, a European initiative for decentralized mobility and IoT standards.
The Dubai VARA partnership for onchain robotics regulation signals peaq is building at the intersection of real-world infrastructure and policy. MastChain (maritime vessel tracking) opening hardware pre-orders shows the ecosystem producing dedicated physical devices.
⚪ Mission
peaq's mission is to power the Machine Economy, a $100 trillion vision where machines operate as independent economic agents. Peaq's co-founder, Till Wendler, envisions a future where Web3 becomes a reality. "Peaq's genesis marks the beginning of a whole new era where Web3 finally gets real. The DePIN revolution will transform the way we run the most critical infrastructure, putting the community squarely at the helm." Instead of corporations owning infrastructure, communities own and earn from it through decentralized machine networks.
🔵 A Brief History
Peaq Network was founded by Till Wendler, Leonard Dorlöchter, and Max Thake in 2017 and the network launched in November 2024. Peaq was incubated by EoT Labs, a company who develops and supports open-source projects for the Web3 Machine Economy.
The three founders came from Advanced Blockchain, a Berlin-based blockchain venture studio. Recognizing that existing blockchains weren't designed for IoT and machine interactions, they created EoT Labs to develop enterprise IoT solutions. This experience led them to build peaq as a dedicated L1 for DePIN.
The team spent 7 years in development before mainnet launch, an unusually long build period that produced deep enterprise relationships. Through Gaia-X moveID, a European Commission initiative, peaq co-developed decentralized mobility and identity standards alongside Bosch, Denso, Continental, Airbus, and DLR (German Aerospace Center). The team also pioneered DePIN in the automotive sector through a partnership with Audi within the Volkswagen Group on decentralized charging infrastructure.
In March 2024, peaq raised $15 million from investors including Animoca Brands and Borderless Capital, followed by a $20 million token launch on CoinList in May 2024. Total funding exceeded $40 million.
Mainnet launched November 12, 2024, with 50+ DePINs already active and 2M+ devices connected on day one. PEAQ listed on 12 exchanges simultaneously including Binance (January 2026), Kraken, and Bitget.
By February 2026, the ecosystem had grown to 60+ DePINs across 22 industries with 3M+ connected devices. In October 2025, peaq partnered with Dubai's VARA to create a regulatory framework for onchain robotics and tokenized machines. In April 2026, MastChain (maritime vessel tracking DePIN built on peaq) opened pre-orders for its first dedicated hardware device, MastNode.
🔵 Ecosystem Narrative
peaq's ecosystem is built on the Machine Economy Stack: the L1 (the computer), meOS (the operating system), and the Apps/Machines layers. Every component is designed for one purpose: making machines and physical infrastructure function as autonomous economic agents on-chain.
Key dynamics include:
➛ meOS (Machine Economy Operating System) provides modular, plug-and-play DePIN functions that any project can integrate: Machine IDs (decentralized identity for devices), peaq Pay (machine-to-machine payments), peaq Verify (three-tier data authentication), peaq Access (permission management), and peaq Control (remote device management).
➛ Machine IDs give every connected device a unique, tamper-proof digital passport. Not a username. A verified identity that lets machines prove who they are, what data they produce, and what services they offer.
➛ 60+ DePINs span mobility, energy, connectivity, agriculture, maritime, weather, AI compute, and more. Projects include NATIX (AI-powered geospatial intelligence), MastChain (maritime tracking), Silencio (noise pollution mapping), and Mapmetrics (navigation rewards).
➛ Enterprise partnerships with Bosch, Audi/VW Group, Continental, Airbus, DLR, and Denso through Gaia-X moveID demonstrate that peaq isn't just building for crypto. It's co-designing standards with the companies that build the machines.
➛ Dubai VARA partnership positions peaq at the intersection of real-world robotics regulation and blockchain infrastructure, a unique policy moat.
➛ EVM + WASM compatibility via Substrate framework allows developers from both Ethereum and Rust ecosystems to build on peaq.
➛ "Get Real" airdrop distributes 210M PEAQ over 12 months, rewarding engagement with real-world DePIN applications rather than speculative activity.
⚪ Token Utilities
$PEAQ powers the Machine Economy:
➛ Gas Fees - Pay for all on-chain operations at $0.00025 per transaction. Designed for high-frequency machine-to-machine microtransactions.
➛ Staking & Validation - Stake PEAQ to secure the network via Delegated Proof of Stake. Validators earn rewards for block production and transaction validation.
➛ Machine ID Registration - PEAQ is required to register Machine IDs, the digital identities that allow devices to interact autonomously on-chain.
➛ DePIN Incentives - DePIN projects distribute PEAQ rewards to node operators, data providers, and infrastructure contributors.
➛ Governance - PEAQ holders vote on protocol upgrades, fee parameters, and ecosystem direction.
➛ Machine RWA Tokenization - Use PEAQ to tokenize physical machines and infrastructure as on-chain assets.
⚪ Key Features
➛ Purpose-Built for DePIN - The only L1 where every module is designed for machine-to-machine interactions. Not a general-purpose chain with DePIN bolted on.
➛ meOS (Machine Economy OS) - Modular plug-and-play functions (Machine IDs, Pay, Verify, Access, Control) that any DePIN project can integrate without building from scratch.
➛ 60+ DePINs in 22 Industries - Mobility, energy, connectivity, agriculture, maritime, weather, AI. 3M+ connected devices. Live, not roadmap.
➛ Enterprise Co-Development - Bosch, Audi/VW, Continental, Airbus, DLR, Denso co-developed decentralized identity and data standards through Gaia-X moveID.
➛ $0.00025 Fees, 10,000 TPS - Optimized for machine microtransactions. Sub-second finality. Scaling to 100,000+ TPS.
➛ Dubai VARA Partnership - Co-creating regulatory framework for onchain robotics and tokenized machines. Policy moat.
➛ EVM + WASM Compatible - Substrate-based. Developers from both Ethereum (Solidity) and Rust ecosystems can build natively.
➛ 7 Years in Development - Longest pre-launch build period of any major L1, producing deep enterprise relationships and battle-tested architecture.
🔵 Meet the peaq Team
peaq is built by a Berlin-based team that spent 7 years developing machine economy infrastructure before launching mainnet, co-designing standards with Bosch, Airbus, and Audi along the way.
▶️ Core Members:
➛ Till Wendler [ @WendlerTill ] - Co-Founder & CEO | Led peaq from concept to mainnet over 7 years. Drives overall vision, enterprise partnerships, and ecosystem strategy. Co-developed Gaia-X moveID standards with Bosch, Audi/VW Group, Continental, and Airbus. Envisions peaq as the backbone of a $100 trillion Machine Economy.
➛ Leonard Dorlöchter - Co-Founder & CPO | Has a strong background in blockchain technology and has been pivotal in the development of peaq's decentralized infrastructure and product strategy. Leads the meOS product suite and modular DePIN function design.
➛ Max Thake [ @MaxThake ] - Co-Founder & Managing Director | Brings extensive experience in blockchain ecosystems and has played a key role in establishing peaq as a leader in the DePIN space. Also co-founded Advanced Blockchain. "We've been working on peaq for almost a decade. Not long from now, millions of people all over the world will offer goods and services peer-to-peer via platforms they co-own."
➛ EoT Labs (Berlin) - Core development company incubated from Advanced Blockchain. Develops and supports open-source projects for the Web3 Machine Economy. The team behind peaq's entire technical stack.
🔵 Ratings
➛ Use Case: ★★★★✦ (4.5/5) - peaq is the most focused DePIN blockchain in existence. While other chains treat DePIN as one use case among many, peaq built every module specifically for machine-to-machine interaction. 60+ DePINs across 22 industries with 3M+ connected devices proves real adoption. The enterprise partnerships are extraordinary: Bosch, Audi/VW Group, Continental, Airbus, DLR, and Denso co-developing standards through Gaia-X moveID. Dubai VARA partnership creates a regulatory moat. meOS makes building DePINs plug-and-play. The $100 trillion Machine Economy thesis is ambitious but the team spent 7 years building toward it. The 0.5 deduction is because the network is still very young (mainnet Nov 2024), actual transaction volume and revenue are modest, and the DePIN sector overall hasn't yet produced a breakout moment that drives mainstream attention.
➛ Tokenomics: ★★★✦ (3.5/5) - Total supply of 4.2 billion PEAQ with significant portions allocated to ecosystem incentives, team, and investors. The "Get Real" airdrop distributes 210M PEAQ over 12 months, adding supply pressure. Token is down ~64% from ATH ($0.112 to $0.04). The $0.00025 fee model is essential for machine microtransactions but limits fee revenue accumulation. Staking and Machine ID registration lock some supply. The 1.5-point deduction reflects the early-stage economics: DePIN projects on peaq generate modest on-chain revenue, the airdrop adds continuous emission, and the token hasn't found a price floor that reflects the enterprise partnership depth. Tokenomics will strengthen as network transaction volume scales, but it's still early.
➛ Audits: ★★★★✦ (4.5/5) - peaq holds a 4.7 star rating on CertiK, one of the highest scores in the DePIN sector. Built on Substrate, the battle-tested framework also used by Polkadot, inheriting its security properties. The network launched with 50+ DePINs and 2M+ devices on day one without security incidents. peaq Verify provides three-tier data authentication (direct device signature, pattern-based validation, oracle-backed confirmation) for machine-generated data. The codebase benefits from 7 years of development and enterprise-grade testing with Bosch, Audi, and Airbus. The 0.5 deduction is because the mainnet is less than 2 years old, and the complexity of managing 3M+ connected devices across 60+ DePINs creates a broad attack surface that requires continuous security hardening as the ecosystem scales.
➛ Community: ★★★★ (4/5) - peaq has built a vibrant DePIN-focused community of node operators, device owners, and infrastructure builders. The "Get Real" airdrop with 210M PEAQ rewards encourages engagement with actual DePIN applications, not speculative activity. MastChain hardware pre-orders sold quickly. 60+ DePIN project teams contribute to an active builder ecosystem. Listed on Binance, Kraken, and Bitget with growing retail access. Active on Discord, X, and Telegram. The deduction is that peaq's community is still young (mainnet <2 years), mainstream awareness is limited, and the DePIN narrative hasn't yet had its viral moment. The community skews toward IoT/infrastructure enthusiasts rather than broad retail participation.
🔵 Conclusion
peaq is the most focused infrastructure play in the DePIN sector. While other blockchains add DePIN as a feature, peaq built an entire Layer-1 from scratch with only one purpose: making machines, robots, and vehicles function as autonomous economic agents on-chain. Seven years of development. Co-designed standards with Bosch, Audi, Airbus, Continental, and the German Aerospace Center. 60+ DePINs across 22 industries. 3 million connected devices. And a modular operating system (meOS) that makes building new DePINs as simple as plugging in pre-built modules.
The enterprise partnerships are the strongest signal. This isn't a team that built a chain and then went looking for partners. They co-developed the decentralized identity and data-sharing standards that the world's largest automotive and aerospace companies are adopting. The Dubai VARA regulatory partnership positions peaq at the intersection of real-world robotics regulation and blockchain, a moat that no other DePIN chain has.
Here's the fundamental bet: if the Machine Economy materializes (and McKinsey, Accenture, and every major consulting firm says it will), someone has to build the digital rails.
The machines need identity. They need payment infrastructure. They need data verification. They need access control. peaq built all of it, tested it with Bosch and Audi, and launched with more DePINs on day one than most L1s accumulate in years.
The question isn't whether machines will become economic agents. It's which blockchain they'll run on. And peaq spent 7 years making sure the answer is obvious.
